Family characteristics of Order sphenisciformes-penguins Research Paper

Family characteristics of Order sphenisciformes-penguins - Research Paper Example The author uses functional and comparative analyses in understanding the adaptation behaviors and other intriguing features of the giant penguin. The article remained vital in explaining morphological characteristics of certain species of penguins. Jadwiszczak, Piotr, and Sandra D. Chapman. "The Earliest Fossil Record Of A Medium-Sized Penguin." Polish Polar Research 32.3 (2011): 269-277. Academic Search Premier. Web. 29 Nov. 2014. Jadwiszczak and Sandra, 2011 focuses on reconstructing features of middle-sized penguins using earliest fossil records. Comparative analysis of the fossils reveals the attributable features of middle-sized penguins and their origins. The article was essential in understanding the inherent evolutionary features of middle-sized penguins. Ksepka, Daniel T., et al. "Evolution Of The Brain And Sensory Organs In Sphenisciformes: New Data From The Stem Penguin Paraptenodytes Antarcticus." Zoological Journal Of The Linnean Society 166.1 (2012): 202-219. Academic Search Premier. Web. 29 Nov. 2014. Ksepka et al., 2012, conducts a study aimed at exploring the inherent neuroanatomical evolution amongst penguins. The authors use generated virtual endocasts in in understanding the anatomical features of extant penguin species. The studies ascertain that there exists retention of various characteristics associated with flight despite evolution. There also exist data reflecting degree of development in neuroanatomical features of penguins. The article is imperative in understanding evolutionary characteristics amongst penguins.